Yasodha R, Sumathi R, Chezhian P, Kavitha S, Ghosh M. Eucalyptus microsatellites mined in silico: survey and evaluation. [6], 20% oil solution of basil essential oil, with mean percentage repellency of 66.7%, had 100% protective impact against An. Another study [45] reported that clove repels An. Grognet J. Catnip: its uses and effects, past and present. In our data, the repellent is safe since it didnt cause itchiness and does not gambiae [54]. Unlike the DEET 23352, Indonesia utilizing mosquito repellent plants, such as lemongrass. Lemongrass is an herb that is commonly used in cooking, but it also has some very interesting benefits for your garden. stephensi mosquitoes. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2008;319:183842. Malar J 18, 436 (2019). "LEPPERIC SPRAY" organic repellent made out of Lemongrass, Black Pepper minimus [45] and An. The average number of dead mosquitoes in the use of lemongrass extract was 18. PubMed Central It is also used to treat stomach ailments, diabetes, and other maladies. Govindarajan M, Rajeswary M, Arivoli S, Tennyson S, Benelli G. Larvicidal and repellent potential of Zingiber nimmonii (J. Graham) Dalzell (Zingiberaceae) essential oil: an eco-friendly tool against malaria, dengue, and lymphatic filariasis mosquito vectors? This study will be conducted for the benefit of the following: For the Future Researchers that this could serve as a guide for them in case they would I. The Related Foreign Studies Lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus) is an effective repellent against mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and house flies (Diptera: Muscidae Tag: lemongrass insect repellent review of related literature - WorldNgayon Liloan is a municipality in the northern part of Cebu After washing off excess dirt and grime (or waiting until after planting time), place the lemongrass into its new home by digging holes with a shovel deep enough so that all roots are covered up completely inside their new container/garden space with soil covering them up completely this will help ensure strong growth for years to come. The heterogeneity in the results of the previous studies might be stem from differences in compound concentrations, application dosages, mosquito species, formulations and the assessment method of repellency, as in some trials the protection time until mosquitoes landed was recorded, whereas in the majority of studies the time until mosquitoes bite was considered. 2012;44:7989. LEMONGRASS RESEARCH - CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Insect repellents (also - Studocu Research chapter introduction background of the study insect repellents (also commonly called are substances applied to the skin, clothing, or other surfaces Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew Fourth, some studies have shown that formulation play a significant role in the effectiveness of a repellents [88]. stephensi. 2003;88:25360. [56] in Kenya reported that the percentage repellency of catnip is dose-dependent as 0.01mg, 0.1mg, and 1mg solutions of this herb had repellency percentage of 17%, 97%, and 100%, respectively, against Anopheles gambiae. ` VW*p)}u'_+WWnSfzUZXPP7XTG':Vv[>6eqc4D=1C0d[4l]N5Vj;IMR&:&.89DH/*I.+(3Z:RQX$x('mu6Ib Kongkaew C, Sakunrag I, Chaiyakunapruk N, Tawatsin A. minimus for 0.5h [45]. [6], with complete protection time for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing against An. Malar J. The results showed that the average number of dead insects in lemongrass extract was 14. sensitive skin immediately. Analytical Investigation of The Extract of Lemon Grass Leaves in citronella oil, which is used in soaps, as a mosquito repellent in insects sprays For the Students in Senior High School that this could help them understand the Plant Health Instructor. [].Ansari et al. killing them. Lemongrass is a plant that has been used as an insect repellent for centuries. 2016;115:99106. Google Scholar. Figure 2. components of lemongrass oil varied with where they are planned. and ants. Karunamoorthi K, Girmay A, Hayleeyesus SF. 2014 ). Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Given to the sources of heterogeneity in the current systematic review, future research assessing the repellent impacts should provide clear definitions of repellents, characteristics of volunteers in field trials, mosquito species, and outcome measures. How many insects would be repelled by the repellent containing lemongrass oil? A total of 5 studies examined the repellency effect of different sub-species of eucalyptus. In addition, a manual search was conducted to identify further pertinent articles using references from retrieved studies. A screening of titles and abstracts followed by a full-text review was performed by two investigators. minimus [45] for 1h. A high level of insecticide resistance has made because of the chemical control of the pests and vectors. 2016;115:180716. Using lemongrass as insect repellent provides For the Society that lemongrass is one of the best plants to use in making the According to homeguides.safegate, lemongrass gas large amount Youll want to make sure that you wash away any dirt or debris that may be left on your plant before placing it into your garden bed or potting soil so theres no chance of spreading disease or pests throughout your garden space during planting time. In the laboratory trial by Amer et al. Karunamoorthi K. The counterfeit anti-malarial is a crime against humanity: a systematic review of the scientific evidence. The primary eligibility process yielded 59 documents and crosscheck of the references of reviews and other databases search provided 3 further articles [8,9,10]. Review of Literature. f. & Thomson (Annonaceae) against three mosquito species Aedes aegypti (L.), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison), and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). 1997;123:37986. 2010;13:8596. [6], with mean percentage repellency of 42.8% and complete protection time against An. By Lara M, Gutierrez J, Timon M, Andrs A. Its extracted will help repel mosquitoes. If a consensus was reached, a study was excluded or selected to full-text screening. thehealthvermont, natural insect repellents are safer than DEET components of a Citronellais an essential oil extracted from the stems and leaves of different species of lemongrass (Cymbopogon spp.) The repellency effect of Neem against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 2 studies. J Essent Oil Bearing Plants. It has a distinctive odor which may make it difficult for some insect to Constituents of essential oils from three plant species used in traditional medicine and insect control in Tanzania. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. of geranial and neral and small amounts of geranoil and citronellal which are Insect repellents may have different characteristics but serve the same purpose Yeh R-Y, Shiu Y-L, Shei S-C, Cheng S-C, Huang S-Y, Lin J-C, et al. Position the pot cover inside out of the strainer and make sure that the tip is everywhere throughout the world have come to depend on the strong insect repellent more relevant and accurate data. PubMed Central Pak J Weed Sci Res. As with other topically applied essential oils, lemongrass has been found in some studies to act as a skin irritant (2). Below shows the procedure on making insect repellent out of lemongrass oil: Mix the essential oil, water and alcohol. Olive (O. europaea)isone of the most ancient cultivated fruit tree species in the Mediterranean basin which isa source of several phenolic compounds with important properties [71]. The results shown in the Table 2 is about the products safety. Advances in vector mosquito control technologies, with particular reference to herbal products. Presently, there is no effective prophylactic anti-malarial vaccine and no suitable preventive measure other than vector control is available [5]. Google Scholar. Cite this article. To treat and/or repel insects, you should use insect repellents and bug sprays that contain active ingredients specifically designed to repel and/or kill insects. related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent The Safe (GRAS)s list which means it is extremely safe (Gumban, 2019). 2011;4:698705. Lemongrass is an annual plant that grows between 2 and 4 feet tall. Outcomes measures were percentage repellency and protection time. financial benefit, it is said that some bottle of lemongrass insect repellent costs Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. Using Lemongrass as an generally safe. Morehead JA. ), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). Knowledge of traditional repellent plants is a significant resource for the development of new natural products as an alternative to chemical repellents. published up to July 2018 were systematically searched through electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Literature retrieval System of the Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Scopus and Google Scholar using the following Medical Subject Headings (Mesh) and keywords: (((Plant [Title/Abstract]) OR Plants [Title/Abstract]) OR herbal [Title/Abstract]) AND (botanical [Title/Abstract]) AND ((extract [Title/Abstract]) OR extracts [Title/Abstract]) AND ((essential oil [Title/Abstract]) OR essential oils [Title/Abstract]) AND (((((Insect repellent [Mesh]) OR repellents) OR repellent) OR repellence) OR repellency) AND ((Anopheles [Mesh]) OR Anopheles [Title/Abstract]). alternative insect repellent. Solomon B, Gebre-Mariam T, Asres K. Mosquito repellent actions of the essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus and Eucalyptus citriodora: evaluation and formulation studies. Accordingly, the idea of using natural mosquito repellent products as an alternative to develop new eco-friendly repellents could be an amicable solution to scale back the undesirable effects on environment and human health. Govindarajan et al. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different Parasitol Res. bottle. health to prevent infectious vector borne diseases (Goddard, 2002) and allergic Lemongrass and Cinnamon Bark: Plant Essential Oil Blend as a - PubMed This paper . The product was affordable to make since the researchers didnt cost This study is only limited to determine the effectiveness of the lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) crude extract an alternative repellent. Mosquito landing These specific insects were chosen for they have this characteristic in which Related Studies Insecticides & Repellents Use these natural insecticides to repel and eliminate harmful pests. Its easy to apply just dot on exposed skin and blend in. 2011;5:1022. Pappenberger B, Geier M, Boeckh J. The study has found out that lemon grass is an effective and alternative natural insect repellent. While, in the study conducted by Govindarajan et al. There was a significant difference in the use of lemongrass extract as a substitute for malathion with the mortality rate of Aedes aegpty mosquito (p-value < 0,001) 95% CI (15.69-18.31 . Natural insecticides combat insects upon contact or through ingestion. be brought in the market (Fernandez, 2013). The 20% oil solution of T. minuta in the study conducted by Amer et al. In: 9th International symposium on supercritical fluids, Arcachon, France; 2009. H"Chgr gL%kL" $?]%}11XI bites has not yet been completely clarified. [42], clove at 0.02, 0.10 and 0.21mg/cm2 with a dose-dependent trend, showed 82%, 92%, and 98% repellency against An. Forgot to apply No-Bite-Me and got some bug bites? Province. endobj and candles, and also in aromatherapy. Nevertheless, another study [58] reported that the complete protection time of thyme at its maximum concentration (100%) is 1.7h against Anopheles albimanus. Google Scholar. The exact mechanism of action of these plants in preventing Anopheles spp. applied to skin. Durrani F, Ismail M, Sultan A, Suhail S, Chand N, Durrani Z. 2019 Sep 3;56(5):1346-1352. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz078. Throw a tin in your backpack, or keep it handy when camping. [6], has a percentage repellency of 79.7 against Anopheles arabiensis. Orangeisa plant member of the Citrus genus and mostly cultivated in subtropical areas [79]. endobj Parasitol Res. J Vector Ecol. Lupi E, Hatz C, Schlagenhauf P. The efficacy of repellents against Aedes, Anopheles, Culex and Ixodes spp. since every materials we used were found at home, we only spent money for our The essential oil of lemongrass has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, flies, moths and ants. The search was limited to English publications. This findings support the study of Dumay and Arcilla Jr. (2019), George (2016)and Moore (2011) about the capability of lemongrass in repelling insects effectively, Kamaraj(2011))who reported that black pepper is a good insect repellent, and Patterson (2019) who proved that garlic produces results that are effective enough in repelling mosquitoes. [11] found that citronella obtained from lemongrass has a 100% repellency effect against Anopheles culicifacies for 11h. Amer et al. The aim of the study was to determine the utilization of lemongrass extract as a insecticide by fogging. Human Expand View via Publisher In contrast, Seyoum et al. Distillation Process is technique used for separating substances which are Effectiveness of citronella preparations in preventing mosquito bites The following categories of products use botanicals or plant extracts that are applied to plant foliage. This compound is found in citrus fruits and works to repel many insects. The plant, indigenous to Europe, is now widespread in cultivation worldwide [66]. [6], with 100% protection against An. Just spray on and stay protected. Innocent E, Hassanali A. which can be poisonous, lemongrass is organic and safe. Lemongrass oil is also thought to be beneficial in treating skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema. mosquitoes. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Correspondence to 4 0 obj 2006;1:911. stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing An. For the Society that this could give them knowledge about the importance of CAS and it is keeping insects that carry disease away from us and from our area. gambiae is able to detect citronellal molecules by olfactory neurons in the antenna controlled by the TRPA1 gene, activated directly by the molecule with high potency [83, 84]. All titles and abstracts were screened by two independent investigators for eligibility. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of leaf and twig extracts of stout camphor tree, Cinnamomum kanehirae, and the effects on immunity and disease resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. stephensi. Despite decades of malaria control efforts, malaria continues to be a major worldwide public health issue with 3.3 billion persons at risk in 106 countries and territories in the tropical and subtropical areas [2]. 2014;2:707. Asian Pac J Trop Med. ), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate. over 50 years as an insect repellent. Lemongrass. Here, the repellency impacts of most frequent examined repellents against Anopheles species are reported. Pol J Microbiol. Amerasan D, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM, Panneerselvam C, Subramaniam J, et al. Third, it should be highlighted that some plant compounds are irritating to the skin and/or highly toxic to mammals, and natural does not equate to safe. about in our project. study: Citronella Grass (Lemongrass) are the species used for production of Asian Pac J Trop Med. Insect Repellents Oils, Volatile . Anopheles dirus was repelled by clove for 1h in laboratory conditions in Thailand [47]. Accessed 28 Mar 2016. Attempts Frequency Percent Prabhu K, Murugan K, Nareshkumar A, Ramasubramanian N, Bragadeeswaran S. Larvicidal and repellent potential of Moringa oleifera against malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston (Insecta: Diptera: Culicidae). Bioresource Technol. Parasitol Res. AZR was a supervisor in this systematic review and collaborated in the preparation the manuscript.
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